Information Technology for Assessing Anthropogenic Pressure on Water Bodies

Світлана Юріївна Даншина, Катерина Дмитрівна Подорожко

Abstract


The purpose of this work is to increase the objectivity of the assessments of the state of water bodies by developing a model of an information technology (IT) for evaluating anthropogenic load based on the use of spatially data. The objectives of the study are to analyze the regulatory framework governing the assessment of anthropogenic impact on water resources, to study existing methods for assessing anthropogenic load and the associated risks of failing to achieve environmental goals, and to improve the assessment process by integrating current geospatial data with archival information. Methods of geoinformation analysis of satellite images, system analysis, and functional modeling were used. Results. The requirements of current legislation concerning the monitoring of water bodies have been systematized. A set-theoretical model for assessing anthropogenic load is proposed, integrating cartographic and remote sensing data with spatial analytics. The developed IDEF0 model illustrates the sequence of processing cartographic materials, archival records, and satellite imagery to complement field observations and support the development of effective solutions aimed at achieving environmental goals. Conclusions. The objectivity of assessing anthropogenic impact in river basins is limited by fragmentary data, weak integration of spatial analysis, and low adaptability of traditional methods to climate change and intensive human activity. The paper proposes a model that reveals the structure of IT, combining cartographic, remote sensing, archival data, GIS, and digital image processing to identify sources of impact, monitor changes in river basins, and improve the accuracy of assessments of the state of water bodies for making informed decisions on achieving environmental goals. An example of the application of the developed IT in the Kharkiv region showed that currently only 38% of existing observation stations provide information on the state of water bodies in accordance with the Don River Basin Management Plan. This reduces the objectivity of the assessments provided and increases the risks of not achieving environmental goals. Therefore, the use of remote data becomes an effective source of up-to-date information for making effective environmental decisions.

Keywords


DPSIR model; information process; set-theoretic model; functional modeling; mapping; hydrograph

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