ECONOMIC IMPERATIVES OF THE «GREEN» TRANSFORMATION: GLOBAL TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR UKRAINE

Abstract

The long-term dominance of the «brown» economy has led to depletion of natural resources, an energy crisis, and environmental degradation, which highlights the need for a «green» transformation as a strategic imperative to ensure sustainable development. For Ukraine, this process requires comprehensive energy reforms, attracting «green» investments, developing a circular economy, and harmonizing national legislation with international environmental standards, despite the challenges of war and macroeconomic instability. The purpose of the research is the scientific conceptualization of the economic imperatives of «green» transformation in conditions of global turbulence and uncertainty, as well as the justification of the mechanisms for its implementation, taking into account institutional, financial, and technological factors. The object of the research is the processes of «green» economic restructuring in the context of global changes, in particular the mechanisms and factors influencing their implementation in Ukraine. The methods of the research used are general scientific methods, in particular, historical, dialectical, comparative, phenomenological, systemic analysis, and the generalization method. The hypothesis of the research is the assumption that the successful implementation of the «green» transformation of the Ukrainian economy is possible provided that there is an effective combination of global environmental trends, innovative technologies, effective financial mechanisms and state policy adapted to national realities and challenges of wartime. The statement of basic materials. Modern environmental and economic challenges are forcing countries to reconsider their outdated approaches to development, as they do not provide the appropriate level of resilience in conditions of increased turbulence. In this context, the concept of a «green» economy is not just a desirable strategic transformation, but a vital condition for ensuring energy security, minimizing climate risks and forming a modern growth model. The growing anthropogenic impact on the environment, the depletion of natural resources and the economic risks associated with dependence on fossil fuels require a comprehensive rethinking of Ukraine’s economic policy. The originality and practical significance of the research lies in proposing conceptual approaches to implementing the «green» transformation of the Ukrainian economy, which can be used to form state policy, attract investment, and adapt to international environmental standards. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. «Green» restructuring is a strategically important element of ensuring the competitiveness of socially responsible business through resource conservation, carbon-free technologies, and a circular economy. Prospects for further research include studying the mechanisms for financing green» initiatives, assessing the effectiveness of eco-standards, and developing models for adapting business to the requirements of environmental sustainability.