RESEARCH OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF WEAR-RESISTANT HIGH-CHROMIUM ALLOYS

Олена Георгіївна Попова, Валентина Віталіївна Остапчук, Наталія Олексіївна Лалазарова

Abstract


The structure and distribution of alloying elements in wear-resistant high-chromium alloys with different chemical compositions were studied to ensure high hardness, strength and resistance to various types of wear. High-chromium cast irons are complex multicomponent alloys, so it is necessary to consider a number of features of alloying elements influence on the nature of phases formed in such alloys, as well as the processes occurring both during crystallization and during cooling of the casting in the solid state. In this regard, studies were conducted on the structure of high-chromium alloys with different chemical compositions. The structure of the high-chromium alloy was studied by X-ray spectral microanalysis, properties of the high-chromium alloys were determined by measuring hardness and microhardness. Heterogeneity of element distribution in the primary austenite grain was revealed. The chromium content varied from 4.7% in the region bordering the carbide to 14.9% in the grain center. The content of nickel, chromium, and manganese remained virtually unchanged across the specimen cross-section. Heterogeneity of silicon and molybdenum distribution across the specimen cross-section was revealed; their content is increased toward the center by 1.5–1.8 times. The carbide phase of the high-chromium alloys was represented by cementite-type carbides (Fe, Cr)3C, special chromium carbides (Cr, Fe)7C3, andcomplex compounds based on Fe, Cr, Mo – (Cr, Fe, Mo)23C6. Research has established that increasing in the chromium content in the alloy leads to increasing in the level of microhardness of carbides. With increasing in the chromium content from 12.2 to 18.8%, the microhardness of carbides of the (Fe, Cr)3C type   increases by 10 percent, and the microhardness  of the special chromium carbides (Cr, Fe)7C3 increases by 5 percent.

Keywords


high-chromium alloy; phase composition; carbides; microstructure; microhardness

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2025.105.05

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