Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies

Augmentation of the flight range, speed and altitude along with the extension of the number of missions accomplished by aircraft has resulted in the expansion and complication of the functions performed by the aircraft air distribution systems. Thus, for instance, the air distribution system of a modern transport airplane  includes:

-        cabin air conditioning system;

-        underfloor area heating system;

-        wing ice protection and fuel tank venting system; 

-        engine air intake ice protection system;

-        engine pneumatic starting system;

-        the system of controlled air extraction from the equipment/avionics compartment;

-        hydraulic tank pressurization system;

-        turbine-driven hydraulic pump drive;

-        radio equipment and radar pressurization system;       

-        auxiliary power unit compartment heating system;

-        cabins air conditioning using ground sources;

-        cabins ventilation using atmospheric air;

-        air supply for inert gas generation  

In terms of structure design the aircraft air systems are a complex of heat exchange mechanisms, cooling turbines, compressors, filters, limiters and regulators, mixers, pipelines and other components interacting with each other and with the environment through the exchange of  the flows of working media, heat and mechanical energy. The system purpose is implemented in the  process of its functioning which implies on-board generation of working medium and its supply to consumers with the quantity and quality of the medium conditioned by external characteristics.  External characteristic is a quantification of the purpose of system functioning.  As an engineering entity the air distribution systems are characterized  by a number of functional indicators. These include the system reliability and weight, expenditure of energy and working medium, overall dimensions,  external energy release, factor of safety, cost, etc.  In the practical development of air distribution systems, when meeting the cooling performance requirements  use is later made, as a general rule, of such indicator as "installation weight", less frequently – of the integrated "reduced" weight indicator with introduction of limitations on other indicators. Designing the air distribution systems involves lookup for a compromise between a number of conflicting requirements: minimization of the installation weight and energy losses, high system reliability, fail safety, rigorous geometric constraints, high manufacturability and comparatively low cost of production. Application of the mathematical statics techniques makes it possible to optimize parameters of the air system. 

Sbornik nauchnyh trudov IPMJe. Vyp. 4, 1998 g, g. Kiev, 28-38 c. Shmyrev V.F., Kondratenko V.Ja., Radchenko S.G. «Metod optimizacii massovyh harakteristik vozdushnyh raspredelitel'nyh setej bortovyh jenergeticheskih sistem».

Radchenko S.G., g. Kiev PP «Sasparel'», 2005g., 159-169 s. «Ustojchivyemetody ocenivanija statisticheskih modelej».

Sobol' I.M. Tochki, ravnomerno zanimajushhie ravnomernyj kub M; Znanie, 1985., 192 s.

Sobol' I.M., Statnikov R.B. LP- poisk i zadachi optimal'nogo konstruirovanija, Riga, Znanie, 1972., 317 s.