Development of a conceptual model for a gas detonation deminer

Abstract

The subject of this study is the neutralization processes of mines and other explosive devices, as well as the equipment created based on these processes. The urgent need for effective solutions is due to the significant contamination of Ukrainian territory with explosive objects, which requires the use of modern technologies for humanitarian demining. The aim of this work is to develop a conceptual model of an effective, safe, autonomous, and economical gas-detonation deminer that can provide long-term operation without refueling or additional maintenance. The main objectives of the study include an analysis of existing demining methods, identification of their advantages and disadvantages, selection of the optimal approach for the development of equipment, as well as the creation of a preliminary design and formation of a structural diagram of the device. During the work, a review of traditional contact and non-contact demining methods was conducted. It was established that the shock-wave method is the most suitable method for humanitarian demining; however, modern installations have significant drawbacks: the use of disposable explosive materials, high cost, low accuracy, and limited capabilities. Because of this research, the principles of operation and design of a gas-detonation deminer based on the use of detonation tubes were proposed. The main source of shock waves is the combustion process of fuel-oxygen and fuel-air mixtures in two separate combustion chambers. This approach reduces risks and ensures stable device operation. A three-dimensional model of the main body of the deminer was developed considering its compactness, maintainability, and safety requirements under explosion exposure conditions. The conclusions emphasize the use of the gas detonation method as a promising solution for humanitarian demining because of its efficiency, ease of operation, continuity of the technological process, and low cost of consumables. The present work is aimed at solving the current problems of clearing large territories of Ukraine contaminated with explosives, which will significantly accelerate humanitarian demining processes and reduce costs.