Performance analysis of turbofan engine with afterburner with water injection at high-pressure compressor inlet

Yurii Ulitenko, Maryna Minenok, Igor Kravchenko

Abstract


Aircraft capabilities determine the performance of the engine that powers it, and therefore, the creation of the latest high-speed aircraft is directly related to the development level of aircraft engine building. The main requirements for high-speed aircraft engines are an extended operating envelope in terms of speed and flight altitude. Specific thrust and specific impulse increase with each new generation of turbofan engines with afterburner, but the use of high technology leads to a significant increase in engine cost. Simultaneously, the design of existing engines has large reserves for modernization. The water injection system in the turbofan engine with afterburner is one of the available ways to improve the design. Such updated engines will theoretically meet the requirements of high-speed air-craft developers regarding thrust and other key parameters. Simultaneously, communication with the existing types of power plants will remain. This article considers the possibility of expanding the operating envelope and short-term forcing of the turbofan engine with afterburner of classical configuration to flight speeds equal to Mach number 3. This paper studied the effect of water injection at the high-pressure compressor inlet of the turbofan engine with afterburner on its performances. The authors present the results of calculations regarding the effect of water injection at the high-pressure compressor inlet of turbofan engine with afterburner on the parameters of working fluid along the engine duct. The application of the obtained results will improve the thermodynamic efficiency and expand the operating envelope of turbofans engines with afterburner using materials widely applicable in the production of aircraft gas turbine engines in our time, as well as reduce the period of creating competitive engines for high-speed aircraft due to targeted search their rational thermodynamic and constructive-geometric outline.

Keywords


high-speed aircraft; turbofan engine with afterburner; operating envelope; working fluid; power plant; water injection; engine performances; thrust; high-pressure compressor

References


Yan, Eric. High Speed Mid Altitude Aircraft Project. In BSU Honors Program Theses and Projects, 2019, items 407. Available at: https://vc.bridgew.edu/honors_proj/407 (accessed 12.02.2022).

Burns, B. R. A. HOTOL Space Transport for the Twenty First Century. Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, Part G – Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 1990, vol. 204, pp. 101-110.

Strelets, D. Yu., Serebryansky, S. A., Shkurin, M. V. Research of the possibility of improving the traction and economic characteristics of a supersonic passenger aircraft engine through minimal modifications to the high-pressure compressor. Journal of Physics: Conference Series: Engineering and Materials Science, 2021, vol. 2094, article no. 042055, pp. 1-8.

Ulitenko, Yu. A., Elanskij, A. V., Kravchenko, I. F. Modernizacija turboreaktivnogo dvuhkonturnogo dvigatelja s forsazhnoj kameroj sgoranija putem vpryska vody v protochnuju chast' vozduhozabornika [Modernization of the turbofan engine with afterburner combustion by water injection into air intake duct]. Vestnik dvigatelestroenija, 2014, no. 2, pp. 122–129.

Ulitenko, Yu. A. Analiz kharakteristik tur-boreaktivnogo dvukhkonturnogo dvigatelya s for-sazhnoi kameroi sgoraniya s vpryskom vody za vkhod-nym ustroistvom [Turbojet bypass engine with afterburner with water injection after input unit performance analysis]. Aviacijno-kosmicna tehnika i tehnologia – Aerospace technic and technology, 2019, no. 1, pp. 29-38. DOI: 10.32620/aktt.2019.1.03.

Kotel'nikov, V. R., Khrobystova, O. V., Zrelov V. A. Dvigateli boevykh samoletov [Combat aircraft engines]. Rybinsk, Mediarost Publ., 2020. 616 p.

Shljahtenko, S.M. Teorija vozdushno-reaktivnyh dvigatelej [Theory of jet engines]. Moscow, Mechanical Publ., 1975. 567 p.

Rowe, M., Ladd, G. Water injection for aircraft engines. SAE International in United States, 1946, Technical Papers 460192. DOI: 10.4271/460192.

Mehta, U. Water injection pre-compressor cooling assist space access. The Aeronautical Journal, 2015, vol. 119, no. 1212, pp. 145-171.

Sohn, R. L. Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Pre-Compressor Evapourative Cooling for Applicationto the Turbojet Engine in High Altitude Supersonic Flight. Propulsion Research Corporation, 1956, WADC-TR-56-477, August, AD097262, pp. 77–78.

King, P. G. Mechanical Operating Experience with Three J57-P-11 Turbojet Enging during a Pre-Compressor Spray Cooling Test in an Altitude Test Chamber. AEDC-TN-57-70, February 1958, AD150076, pp. 55–56.

King, L. D. Design and Testing of a Pre-Compressor Cooling System for a High Speed Aircraft. Chase Vought Corporation, Vought Aeronautics Division, May 1961, AD324250, pp. 14–17.

Nikolaidis, T., Pilidis, P. The effect of water ingestion on an axial flow compressor performance. Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, Part G – Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2014, vol. 228, iss. 3, pp. 411–423.

Recommended Practices for the Assessment of the Effects of Atmospheric Water Ingestion on the Per-formance and Operability of Gas Turbine Engines. AGARD, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, 1995. 186 p.

Skvorcov, A. V. Povyshenie parametrov gazoturbinnyh ustanovok putjom vpryska vody v protochnuju chast' i optimizacii rabochego processa v kompressore. Diss. kand. tekhn. nauk [Improving the parameters of gas turbines by water injection to the flow path and optimize the workflow in compressor. PhD diss.]. St. Petersburg, 2010. 173 p.

Din' T'en Zung. Vlijanie vpryska vody v kompressor na harakteristiki gazoturbinnyh jenergeticheskih ustanovok. Avtoref. Diss. kand. tekhn. nauk [The influence of water injection into the compressor characteristics in gas turbine power plants. Avtoref. PhD diss.]. Moscow, Moscow aviation Institute Publ., 2013. 23 p.

Favorskii, O. N., Alekseev, V. B., Zalkind, V. I., Zeigarnik, Y. A., Ivanov, P. P., Marinichev, D. V., Nizovskii, V. L., Nizovskii, L. V. Experimentally Studying TV3-117 Gas Turbine Unit Characteristics at Superheated Water Injection into a Compressor. Thermal Engineering, 2014, vol. 61, iss. 5, pp. 376-384.

Tudosie, A. N. Mathematical model for a jet engine with cooling fluid injection into its compressor. Proceedings of International Conference of Scientific Papers (AFASES 2014), 2014, vol. 1, pp. 265-272.

Roumeliotis, K. Evaluation of water injection effect on compressor and engine performance & oper-ability. Applied Energy Journal, 2010, vol. 4, iss. 87, pp. 1207-1216.

Merkulov, V. M. Razrabotka koncepcii sozdanija silovoj ustanovki na baze TRDD AI-222-25F dlja poletov so skorostjami 0…6 M na vysotah do 25…40 km. [The development of the concept of power plants based on turbofan AI-222-25F for flights to the soon-, 0...6 M at heights of up to 25...40 km]. Zaporozhye, Ukroboronprom Concern, State enterprise Ivchenko-Progress Publ., 2012. 10 p.

Block, D. A., Igie, U. Case For Exploring Compressor Water Injection For Airport Emission Reduction GT2017-64780. Asme turbo expo: Power for land, sea and air., ASME, ed., Amer-ican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Charlotte, 2017, pp. 26–30.

Daggett, D. L., Fucke, L., Hendricks, R. C., Eames, D. J. Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides. Nasa/Tm-2010-213179. Houston, 2010, pp. 1–18.

Il'ichev, Ya. T. Termodinamicheskii raschet vozdushno-reaktivnykh dvigatelei [Thermodynamic calculation of air-jet engines]. Moscow, CIAM Publ., 1975. 126 p.

Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation. World Meteorological Organization. Geneva, 2008. 678 p.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2022.4sup1.08