Aerospace Technic and Technology

The algorithm for a helicopter or an unmanned aerial vehicle flight altitude measuring based on the processing of broadband and ultra-wideband pulsed stochastic signals has been synthesized for the first time by the maximum likelihood method. When formulating the initial data, mathematical models of the probing signal and the received observation are given, taking into account both various options for input path implementation, which impose restrictions on the observation equation form, and the geometry of the problem. When solving the problem, the statistical characteristics of the given models were found and studied. The calculated observation correlation function contains information about both the signal delay time and the radio pulse envelope, which makes it possible to obtain the algorithm for desired altitude parameter determining by one of two ways: differentiating the likelihood functional by the delay time or by the radio pulse envelope. At the same time, for the first time, the inversion equation for the statistical characteristics of the studied non-stationary processes in the frequency domain has been obtained. Such processes arise due to the presence of a radio pulse envelope. An important feature of the solved synthesis problem is a noise pulse transmitter use that implements the function of the underlying surface sounding, as well as taking into account the fact of the signal structure destruction during its radiation, propagation and reflection. Such a destruction of the signal shape doesn’t make it impossible to synthesize a radar with internal coherent processing algorithms when working on one receiving antenna and requires the search for other signal processing options. The use of a non-deterministic signal in the system also complicates the formalization of the delay time parameter in the likelihood function, since in this case the reference signal cannot be represented as a model or an analytical equation. Following the synthesized algorithm, a simulation model of a pulsed radar with a stochastic probing signal has developed and the results of its modeling are presented. The obtained output effect of the system fully corresponds to the classical theoretical calculations.

helicopter radar altimeter; broadband stochastic signals; highly efficient signal processing algorithm; radar altimeter

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